Biodiversity, Biotechnology and the Environment
نویسنده
چکیده
The widespread use of genetically modified crops has precipitated acrimonious debate on the health effects, environmental safety, and ethics of genetically modified agricultural species. The debate is contentious, often with unsubstantiated claims of both potentially harmful and beneficial effects. Here we examine the possible effects of GM agriculture on issues of the environment and biodiversity. Possible negative aspects of GM agriculture include unanticipated effects on non-target organisms, gene flow between GM crop or animal and closely related wild species, and hybridization resulting in new weedy taxa. Positive effects include reduction in agrochemical use, reduction in harvest pressure on native species, and new methods for bioremediation, among others. The demand for GM crops in developing countries is expected to be high, due to their potential for greatly enhancing yields. But, the widespread application of GM agriculture to the tropics presents new challenges. In the tropics, systems of agriculture are both variable and different than in developed countries. Tropical regions contain high levels of native biodiversity, and many wild relatives of agricultural species are often growing within the vicinity of their derived domesticated plants and animals. Assessment of the environmental consequences of GM agriculture is essential. In some cases environmental benefits may accrue, in other cases GM agriculture may negatively effect both the environment and biodiversity. Only by carefully applying science-based knowledge can the effects of GM agriculture, both positive and negative, be accurately determined.
منابع مشابه
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